Question:What was the early status of computers programmers? 

In the early days of programming- the 1950s and 1960s, when computers were slower, of limited capability and more expensive--there was a premium placed on writing programs that required as as little storage as possible and could be executed in the minimum amount of time.

Question:Shortly synopsis the presnt situation of programmers.

 

Today, as hardware costs continue to fall and programmer salariescontinue to rise, the writing of programmer salaries continue to rise, the writing of programs  consumes an increasing portion of data-processing costs. In addition, as much as 80 percent of programming effort is spent on maintenance programming, that is, modifying existing programs to correct errors or to meet changing needs.

Question:What does it mean moduler programming? 

One of the early attemps at improving programmer productivity through better planning was the use of modular programming. In modular p0rogramming, the program is broken down into modules(pieces), each of which performs a single, limited function and is written and debuggedd separately from other modules. Because the purpose and size of of each module are limited, the likelihood of erros is reduced.

Question:What is the defination of Structured Programming? 

A collection of techniques for planning and writing of program that increases programmer productivity is Structured Programming.

Question:What do you mean by structured programming? 

Structured programming refers to a collection of techniques that have evolved from the pioneering work of Edsger Dijkstra.

Question:Shortly synopsised the modular approach. 

Modular programming is implinted by using subroutines, a group of instructions that performs a limited processing task, such as printing a portion of reporet, reading an input record, or calculating a square root.

Question:What do you mean by modular programming ? 

An early stage in the development of structured programming. A program is broken down into pieces, or modules which can be coded and tested separately. That is called modular programming.

Question:Shortly discuss avout the External Subordinate. 

External suboroutines are used to tasks that more than one program is likely to want perfomed. To use an external subroutine, the programmer needs to know where to find it, whats its name is, how to send data to it, and how the answer will come back.Once this technicalities are deal with, however, the programmer can make use of the code to perform a task, with confidence that the subroutine will provide the correct result.

Question:What is internal subroutine? 

An internal subroutine is part of the program that uses it.

Question:By which outline the subrutines flowchart begins and ends ? 

The subrutines flowchat begins and ends by Terminal outline